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Vol. 27, Art. 47 (pp. 1156-1182)    |    2026       

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Levels of rats plasma catecholamines in modeling «acetylcholine storm» in abnormal light conditions

Batotsyrenova E.G.1,2*, Kolbasova T.A.1, Kashuro V.A.2,3,4, Shkutina I.V2, Kuzmina N.V. 2, Tinus A.M.2, Timofeyev S.V2, Shchepetkova K.M.2
1The Federal State-Financed Institution Golikov Research Clinical Center of Toxicology under the Federal Medical-Biological Agency, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
2Federal State Budgetary Institution of Higher Professional Education «St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University» of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg, Russia
3Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Saint-Petersburg State University", Saint Petersburg, Russia
3The Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia
Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation

Brief summary

The growing prevalence of metabolic syndrome in the population is a cause for serious concern. The multifaceted pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome includes pathological conditions such as abdominal obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. Although the exact cause of metabolic syndrome remains undefined, the development of these metabolic disorders is closely associated with the dysfunction of the nervous and endocrine systems. A key link is the balance between the parasympathetic (cholinergic) and sympathetic (catecholaminergic) systems. The cholinergic system regulates eating behavior and insulin secretion, and participates in anti-inflammatory responses, whereas increased activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis contributes to the development of hypertension and hyperglycemia. Furthermore, a significant factor influencing the development of metabolic diseases is the disruption of the light regime (light-dark cycle). Purporse. To investigate the effect of an uncontrolled increase in acetylcholine levels in both the central and peripheral nervous systems (“acetylcholine storm”), caused by an acute single exposure to a convulsive dose of a reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor - phenylcarbamate - on the levels of catecholamines in blood plasma under conditions of disrupted circadian rhythm. Materials and methods. In the study, a single intraperitoneal injection of a reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor - 2-[(dimethylamino) methyl phenyl dimethyl carbamate (here and after - «phenylkarbamate») in a convulsive dose was used as a model of a «acetylcholine storm» for 1 and 3 months, the concentration of plasma catecholamines by the HPLC method was investigated. Results. After 1 month after «acetylcholine storm» independent of the light regime reliable decrease of dopamine concentration in plasma of blood was discovered. The concentrations of norepinephrine and adrenaline have definitely decreased under normal lighting and in the group «constant light». In the group «constant darkness» no changes were found compared to the control group. After 3 months of combined stress, the correlation between the concentration of dopamine in the blood plasma and the light mode was detected. In regular and constant light, dopamine concentrations have been reliably reduced compared to the control group. In the group «constant darkness» the concentration of dopamine in blood plasma, on the contrary, has definitely increased two-fold in comparison with control. The greatest decrease in the concentration of noradrenaline and adrenaline was found in the group «constant light» compared to the control group. Conclusion. Thus, under conditions of a 1-month circadian rhythm disruption, acute impairment of the cholinergic system leads to the most pronounced alterations in plasma norepinephrine and epinephrine concentrations. This is particularly relevant in the context of metabolic syndrome, as chronic sympathetic adrenergic activation promotes the development of insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance, and dyslipidemia. The observed effect of plasma catecholamine concentration changes during impaired cholinergic neurotransmission must be taken into account when prescribing anticholinesterase drugs for the treatment of neuroses, depression, and cognitive impairments under conditions of altered light-dark cycles.


Key words

phenylcarbamate; circadian rhythms; catecholamines; acetylcholine; stress.

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