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Vol. 25, Art. 14 (pp. 220-231)    |    2024       

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Stress hyperglycemia

A.V. Makarova, S.V. Gaiduk

S.M. Kirov Military medical academy of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, 194044, St. Petersburg.

Brief summary

Hyperglycemia is often observed in urgent patients hospitalized due to the brain injury, acute ischemic damage to the myocardium and central nervous system, extensive surgical interventions, sepsis development and etc. This transient hyperglycemia is called stress hyperglycemia and can occur in people without a history of diabetes. Relative deficiency of insulin, insulin resistance and activation of gluconeogenesis play an important role in pathogenesis. Mortality and typical complications rates, the length of hospital stay are increased in patients with stress hyperglycemia relative to patients with normal glucose levels. This increased risk is especially high in those without pre-existing diabetes. In the present review, we discuss causes of stress hyperglycemia, the impact on the course of some acute diseases, modern treatment approaches, patient management after discharge from the hospital due to an increased risk of type 2 diabetes.


Key words

Glucose control; insulin; intensive care; outcome; stress hyperglycemia

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