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Vol. 25, Art. 12 (pp. 186-204)    |    2024       

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Potential biomarkers for contrast-induced acute kidney injury

S.N. Zheregelya
St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Litovskaya str., 2, St. Petersburg, 194100, Russia

Brief summary

With the growth of diagnostic procedures and surgical interventions using radiopaque substances in medical practice, acute kidney injury caused by contrast is becoming the leading cause of renal dysfunction. Currently, effective therapy for acute kidney injury caused by contrast is quite limited, so early diagnosis and prevention of this pathology is crucial. Early detection of kidney tissue damage makes it possible to start therapy in a timely manner and, consequently, improve the patient's treatment outcome. In clinical practice, it is sometimes difficult to recognize acute kidney injury caused by contrast before changes in serum creatinine levels, however, by this time the changes may become irreversible. On the other hand, in case of kidney damage with fluid overload, biomarkers may be elevated, and serum creatinine levels may remain unchanged, which leads to a decrease in the prognostic effectiveness of biomarkers. The use of modern and promising biomarkers for early diagnosis in clinical practice is still not recommended due to their insufficient specificity and sensitivity. In this regard, there is great interest in identifying biomarkers that make it possible to identify damage to kidney tissue from the administration of an X-ray contrast agent at an early stage. A feature of any biomarker is sensitivity and the ability to quantify, which allows you to quickly analyze the results obtained to make timely clinical decisions. This review describes several promising biomarkers with good prognostic indicators for the development of acute kidney injury caused by contrast.


Key words

acute kidney injury caused by contrast (CI−AKI), contrast agents, inflammation, oxidative stress, biotherapeutic targets.

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