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Vol. 20, Art. 25 (pp. 294-306)    |    2019       

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Experimental pharmacotherapy of convulsive syndrome in the simulation of severe carbamate poisoning

"Institute of Toxicology" of Federal Medico-Biological Agency of Russia

Brief summary

Acute poisoning with substances of neurotropic action occupy a leading place among intoxications of chemical etiology, the main clinical manifestation of which is convulsive syndrome. In this regard, an intensive search is currently underway for antidotes of delayed action that can exert a protective effect at a later date after toxic effects compared to existing antidotes. As antidotes of "delayed action" in the experiment, the so-called multi-target drugs were tested that act simultaneously on several biological targets (receptors). During the modeling of white rats? severe poisoning by phenyl ether of dimethylcarbamine acid (phenylcarbamate), the high anticonvulsant activity of karamiphen, blocker of M-cholinoreceptors and NMDA-receptors, and of derivate (amino ester) of valproic acid, was detected. Efficacy of dipherydine, the central M- and N-cholinoblocker, surpassed the efficacy of atropine, the antidote against carbamates, in the reduction of duration and manifestation of phenylcarbamate-induced seizures. Results indicate, that in mechanism of seizures, induced by karbamates (the inhibitors of acethylcholineesterase), is important to consider the disorder of intermediator balance and ionic conduction.


Key words

Carbamates, drugs, antidotes, insecticides, phenylcarbamate, acute poisoning, seizures, atropine, dipherydine, caramiphen, amino ester of valproic acid, anticonvulsant action.

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