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Vol. 12, Art. 117 (pp. 1423-1436)    |    2011       

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The central neurochemical effects of acute and chronic influence of ethanol. The mechanisms of tolerance and dependence (review)

Dolgo–Saburov V.B., Petrov A.N., Lisitsky D.S., Belyaev V.A.

Federal State Scientific Institution «Institute of Toxicology» Federal Medico-Biological Agency, St. Petersburg, Russia

Brief summary

In the review data about the mechanisms of interaction of ethanol with basic inhibitory and excitatory neuromediatory systems are presented. The possible mechanisms of neurotoxicity of ethanol by the acute and chronic treatment of animals and humans are described. Under consideration was the role of dopamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine, GABA and a glutamate in the mechanisms of the ethanol tolerance and dependence.


Key words

ethanol, GABA, glutamate, 5-hydroxytryptamine, dopamine, dependence, tolerance.

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