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Vol. 11, Art. 13 (pp. 147-159)    |    2010       

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Expression of melatonin receptor genes in planarians schmidtea mediterranea and their possible role in the processes of proliferation and differentiation of stem cells

Ermakova O.N., Ermakov A.M., Evdokimovsky E.V.

Brief summary

Investigation of melatonin membrane receptors expression in planarians Schmidtea mediterranea revealed that melatonin receptor orthologs Smed-mt 1, Smed-mt 2 и Smed-mel 1c are highly expressed in the head area whereas in the tail region their expression is minimal. Regeneration of dissected head and tail parts in planarians was accompanied by a decrease of expression level of all three type melatonin receptors. RNA interference of melatonin receptor Smed-mt 2 caused defects in process of head regeneration. The data obtained could explain the distoproximal inhibitory effect of melatonin on planarian regeneration and shed light on a new role of melatonin and its receptors as regulators of planarian regeneration and morphogenesis.We investigated 117 depressive patients using several neuroimaging methods. We found functional and structural abnormalities in limbic structures ingressed to the cortico-strio- thalamic-cortical neural circles within the all groups of patients. Functional neuroimaging methods (functional magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography), basically, allow to reveal neuroimaging features at "neurotic" and "endogenous" depressions, in the form of various reaction patterns to emotionally-provocative stimulus (functional magnetic resonance imaging) and metabolism changes 18F-deoxyglucose (positron emission tomography). Structural neuroimaging methods (voxel-based morphometry, diffusion-tensor imaging) in more extent reflect morphofunctional features of "organic" depression in the form of grey substance density and anisotropy fraction change.


Key words

planarian, melatonin receptors, expression, regeneration, stem cells.

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